International Poultry Hall of Fame 1988
At the Council and General Assembly of the World's Poultry Science Association on 8 September 1988, during the XVIIIth World's Poultry Congress held in Nagoya, Japan, those listed below were elected to the International Poultry Hall of Fame. This honour has been bestowed in recognition of the major contributions these 25 individuals have made to the development of the poultry industry of the world.
William Percy Blount
Dr Percy Blount was born in Derby, England, in 1905 and died on 10th July, 1968 while marking examination papers for the National Diploma in Poultry Husbandry. He graduated from the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in 1928, being made a Fellow of the College three years later. This time was spent at the Royal Dick Veterinary College, Edinburgh, during which he became Assistant to the Professor of Anatomy. After a year as a Veterinary Officer in the Poultry Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture at Weybridge, he became Superintendent of a private Poultry Disease Research establishment in Berkshire. A period of private practice was followed in 1936 by Percy Blount becoming Chief Veterinary Officer for East Sussex County Council. In 1938 he was awarded a PhD by Edinburgh University. After early war service in Europe he became Veterinary Head of the country's Chemical Defence Experimental Station.
Joining the British Oil and Cake Mills in 1946 Dr Blount developed a highly effective poultry disease diagnostic service for the customers of this major feed compounding company. He was conscious of the vital need for more experimentation and testing - especially in the areas of poultry nutrition and feeding and the many facets of husbandry. It was on a field behind his house in Stoke Mandeville, Bucks, and using wood from ex-army packing cases, that in 1946 he established what was to become a very successful and internationally recognised experimental and research farm. During the 1950s the facilities at Stoke Mandeville were greatly expanded and a second research farm set up at Selby, Yorks. Pioneering work was carried out on systems of production and on poultry house ventilation and insulation. It was also the result of Dr Blount's enthusiasm that the first random sample laying tests to operate in the UK were established at both these centres and operated from the mid 1950s to the late 1960s. As the result of his efforts a third experimental farm was set up near Belfast in Northern Ireland. In 1957 he became a Director of British Oil and Cake Mills, London.
Although Dr Blount traveled widely and became known as a highly knowledgeable poultry husbandry expert in many countries, it was particularly within the British Isles that he established his reputation as an accomplished and highly regarded speaker at innumerable conferences. He had an impish sense of humour that deflated many a pompous lecturer. But he was also a precise and highly skilled practitioner in his own field. Within the veterinary profession he held many offices and posts of standing and honour, including President of the British Veterinary Association.
Within the WPSA, Dr Percy Blount was, in 1946, the chief architect of the United Kingdom Branch having propounded the idea of national branches earlier the same year (WPSJ Vol. 2, No. 3, p. 113). It was at this time also the Dr Blount became one of the main advocates of an early post war Congress and was much involved in bringing about the VIIIth Congress in Copenhagen in 1948. Percy Blount was the first President of the United Kingdom Branch of the WPSA and a Vice President of the World Association from 1966 until his death in 1968.
"Bill" Blount was an excellent, stimulating and generous friend who never forgot service he received which were usually repaid many times over. It was characteristic of him that as the chief poultry adviser of an international company the firmness that was often demanded in his business and personal dealings was mediated by full attention to the little courtesies of life.
Nominated by the United Kingdom
A. Wade Brant
Dr A. Wade Brant was born on March 28, 1919, in Isabel, Kansas. He grew up on a farm in rural Kansas where he was active in 4-H poultry activities. He earned degrees in Poultry Husbandry and Poultry Nutrition at the Universities of Kansas State and Michigan State, going on to a PhD in Poultry Products Technology at Iowa State University in 1949.
From 1949 to 1959, Dr Brant was employed by the US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, becoming Chief of the Poultry Research Branch at Beltsville. During this time he was a scientific adviser to the USDA Trade Fair in Italy (1957) and started a 14 year stint on the Animal Products Advisory Committee of the US Army.
From 1959 to 1985 Wade Brant was an Extension Food Technologist in the University of California at Davis, serving also as a consultant for the USDA's Cooperative Research Service. He is a member of the Science and Education Advisory Committee for the Western States. In the early 1970s he served on a team of poultry experts that worked to establish a modern poultry industry in Egypt. During his career, Dr Brant has spent one year sabbaticals in The Netherlands and in Japan, in both the sabbatical leave was devoted to poultry research.
Wade Brant has served on committees and received awards too numerous to list. A sample of committee activity must include Chairmanship of the Research Council of the Institute of American Poultry Industries (1955-83); member of the Poultry and Egg National Board Committee from 1967 to the present day (Chairman 1967-80).
After Dr Brant retired in 1985, he continued and expanded his consulting activities on a private basis. This work has taken him to a number of countries, the most recent being Malaysia in 1986.
Dr Brant's interest in the World's Poultry Science Association and international poultry industry activities started in conjunction with his participation in the VIIth World's Poultry Congress in Cleveland, USA, in 1939. He has attended Congresses in Edinburgh (1954), Mexico (1958), Australia (1962), Soviet Union (1966), Spain (1970), USA (1974), Brazil (1978) and Finland (1984).
Dr Brant was one of the founding members of the USA Branch, WPSA, and later served as Branch President. For many years he was a WPSA Council member. Since 1978, Dr Brant has served diligently as the Treasurer of the World's Poultry Science Association.
Dr Brant's primary interest has always been the poultry industry. He has, however, been a recognized expert in the red meat industry. For example, he continues to serve on the Western States Meat Association Sausage Committee. Currently, he is Chairman of the California Meat Inspection Advisory Committee.
Dr Brant's love of his work has kept him busily engaged serving the USA and worldwide poultry industries. He's gone far beyond the call of duty in his service to these industries and to the World's Poultry Science Association.
Nominated by United States of America
Edward Brown
Edward Brown was born in 1851 an died on August 8th, 1939. At the family home near Newcastle on Tyne, an early interest in poultry was stimulated by a magazine illustration of domestic fowls by Harrison Weir. This led him to breed Brahmas (very popular at the time) and then Brown Leghorns. Although successful as an exhibitor, Mr Brown was among those who were critical of the mal-practices and corruption that were widespread at poultry exhibitions, and which had not been brought under control by the Poultry Club, formed in 1864. In an effort to improve matters, in 1977 he was involved in a re-launch of the Poultry Club and in the formation of the Northumberland and Durham Poultry and Pigeon Association.
An attempt in 1879 to found and edit a new journal in Newcastle, the Fanciers' Chronicle, failed within a year. However, in 1880, following the departure of Lewis Wright from editorship of the Live Stock Journal, Mr Brown was invited to edit its 'Minor Livestock' section and he moved to London. This lunched him on a career in journalism focused on poultry.
Edward's Brown interest had always been concentrated on the egg and meat production potential of poultry and this led to his involvement in the formation of the Utility Poultry Society (later the National utility Poultry Society) in 1896 and to the first laying trials in 1897. The need for better training also received his attention and he became a teacher. The first 'Poultry School' (which lasted 3 weeks) was held in Whittlesea, Cambridge in 1894. Other such 'schools' followed and led, in 1896 to the establishment of a poultry course at the University College of Reading's farm at Theale, Berkshire. Up to the time of its closure 14 years later (due to lack of financial backing) 600 students were to pass through the course. Meanwhile, in 1899 also at Reading, Mr Brown organised the first National Poultry Conference in the UK (what has been described as the first International Congress of Poultry was held in St. Petersburg, Russia in the same year).
In 1908, in the United States, the International Association of Poultry Instructors (to become the Poultry Science Association) was established at Cornell University. Initially, it is believed, the term 'international' was not intended to mean 'world', just the United States and Canada. However, in 1910, Professor James Rice (the first Professor of Poultry Husbandry) and by then President of the Association, wrote to Mr Brown suggesting the formation of a truly international organisation. This led to a meeting in London of 19 individuals from 14 countries at which this objective was achieved, the names being transferred from the North American to the world body. (It was not until 1938 that the name was changed to the World's Poultry Science Association.) Mr Edward Brown was named President - a post he was to hold for 15 years - and Dr Raymond Pearl (USA) Secretary. The first major meeting, planned for 1916, was deferred due to the 1914-1918 war. Thus, the 1st World's Poultry Congress was held at the Hague, Netherlands in 1921. For a more detailed account of the history of WPSA, and the role played by Edward Brown, see Jasper, A.W. (1978) - The World's Poultry Science Association - WPSJ Vol. 34, No. 1 pp 9-21 and also Brown, E. (1934), Memories at Eventide, published by John Dixon, Burnley, Lancs.
In 1920, Edward Brown became president of the newly formed National Poultry Council for England and Wales. The policy of this organisation included 'promotion of education and investigational work', the 'awarding of Certificates and Diplomas' and 'the raising of the standards of instruction and instructors'. As a result, in the same year, the (British) National Poultry Diploma Board was established, followed in 1926 by the National Poultry Institute Scheme with centres for teaching at Harper Adams Agricultural College and for research at six other locations. Much of the money needed was raised by public subscription, inspired by Mr Brown.
Over his lifetime, and always with an emphasis on the practical, Edward Brown wrote 21 books and published reports ranging from Practical Artificial Incubation (1879), Profitable Poultry Keeping, written under the pen name, Stephen Beal (1883) and Poultry Keeping as an Industry for Farmers an Cottagers (1891), which ran to 18 editions, to British Poultry Husbandry: its Evolution and History (1930) and his memoires cited above. His reports on the poultry industries of America, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands, Sweden and Wales, serve to indicate his interest in travel which had been undaunted when, as a 14 year old attempting his first visit abroad, he was shipwrecked at Whitby, Yorkshire on his way to Antwerp.
Recognition of Edward Brown's contribution to the world poultry industry included the conferring of Honorary Doctor of Laws by McGill University, Quebec in 1927 and in the same year, investment as Chief Bear Head of the Sarcee Tribe of Indians, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. In 1930 he was made a Knight of the British Empire, Sir Edward having come to be regarded as the father of the British poultry education and science.
Nominated by the United Kingdom
Cliff D. Carpenter
Dr Cliff D. Carpenter was born in Unadilla, New York, on July 18, 1897. He grew up on a farm in the Empire State.
After receiving his DVM degree at Cornell University in 1920, Dr Carpenter served on the research staff of the University of California for three years, in charge of the University's Avian Pathology Laboratory at Petaluma. In 1923, he established the first private poultry veterinary practice in the United States.
In 1929, Dr Carpenter opened a branch laboratory and practice at Van Nuys, California. In 1935, he sold his business to the Lederle laboratories, a Division of American Cyanamid, at which time he became Director of Cyanamid's first poultry division. He resigned in 1938, to do graduate work in poultry pathology and genetics at the University of kentucky, where he received his MSc degree in Agriculture.
In 1939, Dr Carpenter joined Allied Mills to take charge of Allied's field service programme and public relations. From March of 1943 to August of 1944, he was on loan from Allied Mills to the War Food Administration where he directed national programmes to establish wartime poultry expansion projects (in cooperation with the US Secretary of Agriculture).
From 1944 to 1958, Dr Carpenter was President of the Institute of American Poultry Industries, a trade association with heavy emphasis on poultry and egg processing and marketing. During that time he was co-chairman of the US Public Health Service's committee, formed to develop a uniform sanitation code for poultry plants. He later spearheaded the programme which led to the present USDA poultry inspection programme for wholesomeness.
In 1955, Dr Carpenter initiated the International Trade Development (ITD) programme for the US poultry industry. This programme opened trade for US poultry meat products into approximately 24 countries.
Dr Carpenter also served as Chairman of President Eisenhower's bi-partisan committee on increasing the use of agricultural products. This committee placed particular emphasis on international trade.
Following his resignation from the Institute in 1958, Dr Carpenter established the consulting firm of Cliff D. Carpenter & Associates. The Associates consulted on poultry production, processing, and marketing.
Dr Carpenter was Vice-Chairman of the US Participation Committee for the XIIth World's Poultry Congress (Australia).
In the early 1960s, Dr Carpenter served with a group of individuals who founded and incorporated the USA Branch of the World's Poultry Science Association. He served as the first Branch President. It was in that capacity in August 1965, that he was speaking to the Board of Directors of the Poultry Science Association at the association's annual meeting in Athens, Georgia - promoting the XIIIth World's Poultry Congress - when he died of a massive heart attack.
The late Dr Cliff D. Carpenter truly was a pioneer in promoting eggs and poultry and the poultry industry in all its aspects on an international basis. He went far beyond the call of duty in rendering his services. He was a genuine ambassador of good will for the world's poultry industry and the World's Poultry Science Association.
Nominated by United States of America
Federico Castelló de Plandolit
Federico Castelló de Plandolit was born on 3rd February 1896 in Arenys de Mar, Barcelona, Spain. He was the 4th among the 10 sons of Professor Salvador Castelló Carreras, the founder of the "Real Escuela Oficial y Superior de Avicultura" (Royal School of Poultry Husbandry), one of the founders also of the World's Poultry Science Association and has been considered as the "father" of the Spanish Poultry Industry.
Federico Castelló studied in the College San Luis Gonzaga, in Barcelona and obtained his Bachelorship Diploma in 1914. After doing his military duties from 1915 to 1916, he joined his father at the School, at that time including the activities of "Granja Paraiso", also founded in 1896 and used as a demonstration commercial farm for the students.
In this way, from a very young age, Federico Castelló, collaborating with his father as well as three younger brothers, was in a position where poultry science and practice worked together in order to improve the poultry husbandry methods used at the beginning of this century.
He attended the first World's Poultry Congress - The Hague, 1921 - and last one, the fourteenth, in Madrid, 1970. He collaborated with his father in the organization of the second World's Poultry Congress, in Barcelona in 1924. However, the big personality of Professor Salvador Castelló did not allow the work done by his sons to be manifest.
Up to 1950 the poultry courses at the School were given mostly by his father, but Federico Castelló gave some practical lessons and training to the students. He collaborated also with Professor Salvador Castelló in some books and journal articles, mainly in editions of the first poultry magazine published in Spanish, "Avicultura Práctica" - 1896 to 1920 - and other magazines also published later by the School: "Mundo Avicola" - 1922 to 1936 - and "Temas Avicolas" - 1941 to 1959.
When his father died in February 1950, the business was split in two: the commercial farm, to be owned by Enrique Castelló and the School, by Federico Castelló. In this way, commercial activities of the farm were separated from those of the School which concentrated more actively on the same aims as the WPSA, namely research, education and extension.
From 1950 to 1958 the activities of the School, under the Direction of Professor Federico Castelló, were concentrated on teaching, the publication of the magazine "Temas Avicolas" and a new consultancy service. Federico Castelló never kept any information or knowledge that could be used for his own profit and, whether inside or outside the classroom, his objective was to explain the most complicated matters in ways that could be easily understood by everybody.
Subjects dealt in "Temas Avicolas" are a good example of this. It was an 8-page popular magazine, like a monthly newsletter, produced in Spain during the years when everything was difficult to obtain, from the paper for printing, to the feedstuffs for poultry rations. And Federico Castelló made all efforts to give to the 2,000 subscribers he had the latest technical information in the most understandable way.
during this time he wrote the following books:
- "Dietario del Avicultura", 1st edition in 1951 and other 3 editions, enlarged, in 1953, 1955 and 1957.
- "El nuevo arte de criar gallinas". It was a 282 page book, published in 1956 as a continuation of the 6 editions of a very well known book of his father, "El arte de criar gallinas".
- "Higiene del gallinero", a 332 page book, in 1954.
- "Curso de gallinocultura industrias anexas", a 640 pages textbook for his students, in 1956.
In 1958 conditions changed abruptly when the economic policy of the Spanish Government allowed the importation of foreign strains of birds, as well a soybean meal, US corn and other feedstuffs. Spanish students and poultrymen started to travel abroad in order to learn foreign techniques and Federico Castelló sent immediately - 1958/59 - his son, José A. Castelló, to Penn State University, United States, in order to be able to incorporate the most up to date techniques into the teaching of his School.
In 1959 he started the publication of a new magazine: "Selecciones Avicolas". It became very popular, with a maximum of 5,000 subscribers in 1965, exceeding all other Spanish poultry magazines at that time. Federico Castelló wrote each month the editorial comment, as well as other articles, translating also many articles from foreign magazines.
In 1960 Professor Castelló started also the publication of another magazine: "Boletin Técnico de Avicultura". It was a 32-page monographic publication and the 12 titles published up to 1962 were written almost entirely by him.
Other books published in this time by Federico Castelló were:
- "El nuevo arte de criar gallinas", 2nd edition, 1960 - 438 pages.
- "Avicultura en bateria", in 1960 - 346 pages.
- "Curso de Avicultura", the new edition of the text book of the School. It was published in 1964 and Professor Castelló had the collaboration of his son José A. an Dr Narciso Marcé.
In 1961 the school changed its site from the foundation place opened in 1896. The cost of the new building was met entirely by Professor Castelló, without any Government or private help.
Federico Castelló became a member of the WPSA in the early fifties, encouraging to his son José A. to look at its aims and sending him to the X World's Poultry Congress, held in Edinburgh, 1954. He had a lot of correspondence with the Directors of WPSA at that time, Professor Heuser, in USA, Major Macdougall, UK, and others in order to establish a Spanish Branch. This Branch was founded in 1961, Professor Castelló the senior member of it.
Federico Castelló was an active writer in several Spanish poultry publications, including "Avicultura Técna", "Granja", "Avicultura Espanola", "Calendario del Payés", etc. He also gave many lectures, attending National Congresses and Meetings.
After the nomination of Spain to hold the XIV World's Poultry Congress, when the Organizing Committee was formed Professor Castelló was invited to join the Economic Subcommittee. From 1967 to 1970, being over 70 years old, he traveled very frequently to Madrid for his duty.
His working capacity was tremendous, giving always an example to his collaborators and to his students. He died from a heart attack on the 4th May 1973, three days after he had given his last lesson to his students.
Nominated by Spain
Donald Robert Clandinin
Dr Donald Clandinin was born in Vandura, Saskatchewan. He attended the University of British Columbia and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture in 1935 and a Master of Science degree in Poultry Genetics in 1936. He obtained a PhD degree in Biochemistry and Poultry Nutrition from the University of Wisconsin in 1948. Dr Clandinin joined the staff of the University of Alberta in 1938, specializing in Poultry Nutrition, and retired in 1979 and now holds Professor Emeritus status.
Dr Clandinin has made significant contributions to the advancement of the knowledge of poultry nutrition. His early research dealt with the use of riboflavin in poultry diets. The results of this work demonstrated that synthetic riboflavin products could be used to replace the riboflavin provided by milk products in diets for chicks and breeding hens without affecting growth rate, egg production or hatchability. After completing the work on riboflavin he undertook research on the influence of processing conditions on the nutritive quality of protein supplements such as soybean, herring, sunflower, and rapeseed meals. The results of this research led to the adoption by processors of procedures that would minimize loss of nutritive quality.
In the last twenty years of his research career, much of Dr Clandinin's work was concentrated on factors affecting the nutritive quality of rapeseed meal. His research has included studies on the influence of metabolizable energy, amino acids, tannins, pentosans, sinapine, nitrogen solubility, dyebinding capacity and levels of available lysine on the nutritive value of meal. He has also conducted research on the influence of high and low erucic acid oils on tissue changes in chickens and his outstanding contributions to knowledge of factors affecting the nutritive value of protein supplements have led to Dr Clandinin's recognition as an international authority. He is author or co-author of 145 scientific papers. He has also written several technical and farm bulletins on poultry production.
Dr Clandinin has been active in helping to promote the use of rapeseed products throughout the world. He has, by invitation, represented Canada on technical missions to Japan, Taiwan, England, Ireland, Holland, France, Germany, Sweden, Italy, Spain, Cuba, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Finland, Denmark, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and the Unites States of America. By providing scientific information on the use of rapeseed meal he has contributed to increased international market expansion and utilization for this important Canadian crop.
Dr Clandinin has been active in many national and international organizations, some of which are: World's Poultry Science Association, International Rapeseed Committee, Poultry Science Association, and American Association for Advancement of Science.
In recognition of his work Dr Clandinin has been awarded many honours, some of which are: Fellow, Poultry Science Association; Fellow, Agricultural Institute of Canada and Queen's Silver Jubilee Medal.
In addition to his contributions in the scientific field, Dr Clandinin is recognized as an outstanding teacher of poultry science. He has taught courses in nutrition, breeding, diseases and management and has supervised many national and international graduate students and post-doctorals.
Nominated by Canada
Rupert Coles
Born in 1910, Rupert Cole's showed early academic and athletic ability. After school in London, during his six years at Kings College, University of London, he gained a 1st Class Hons BA degree (1931), an Institute of Education Diploma and, as a Research Scholar, a PhD in Natural Sciences. During this time he took a full part in the life of Kings College representing the University in the three sports of running, boxing and rugby football.
Although he joined the Marketing Division of the UK Ministry of Agriculture in 1934, subsequently moving to the Land Fertility Division, he continued his studies gaining MSc degrees from the London School of Economics in 1938 and from Kings College, London in 1940. Twenty years later he was awarded a Doctor of Science degree by the University of Bonn, while in 1958 he received an Honorary DSc from Mexico.
It was a fortunate decision for the British poultry industry that in 1945, and marking the first step in the formation by the Ministry of Agriculture of the National Agricultural Advisory Service, Dr Rupert Coles was appointed Chief Poultry Advisory Officer. His main function was to operate a team that, at its peak, was to number over 100 advisers located throughout England and Wales. In the immediate, post war years there was an urgent need to expand food production and although initially in most of Europe feedstuffs for livestock were just as scarce as human food it began to emerge by the mid 1950s that the poultry industry was capable of achieving quite dramatic improvements in growth and efficiency.
The application of improved technology and in the dissemination of the latest scientific information on all aspects of egg and poultry meat production where the prime objectives of poultry advisers. Through the imaginative and dynamic leadership of Dr Coles a great deal was done to maximise the benefits for the country's producers. For example a comprehensive technical data bank was set up; various communication methods were exploited, with Dr Coles himself being highly active in speaking at discussion group meetings and conferences and writing extensively for the commercial and scientific press; close liaison was developed with research establishments and with leading farmers throughout the country and, perceiving the need for ever increasing depth of knowledge, he pioneered the establishment of national specialists who were able to become experts in particular sectors of the science of poultry production.
In large measure the efficiency of the UK poultry today owes much to the role played by Dr Coles from 1945 up to his retirement in 1970. Of course being at Headquarters in the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (reformulated to include Food in 1956) ensured that Rupert Cole was involved in a great many other activities ranging across commissions of enquiry, missions to various parts of the world and innumerable committees and working groups within and associated with the MAFF. As a meticulous worker and forthright speaker, it is hardly surprising that the combined and rapid effect was for Rupert Coles he become the automatic leader of the British poultry industry - a role he fulfilled with great dignity and distinction until his retirement.
In 1946 Dr Coles joined the World's Poultry Science Association and from then to the present day has devoted his many talents and a great deal of energy to promoting the objectives of the Association and to helping the organisation to develop and flourish. Initially he was UK member of the publications committee and much involved in the establishment of Branches - he became Chairman of the UK Branch in 1951 and the following year Vice President of the World Association. At the 1954 Congress he was elected President and served the customary 4 year term. When the Federation of European Branches became formally established at the first European Conference at Utrecht, Netherlands, in 1960, Dr Coles was elected its first President. Following the death of Major Ian Macdougall in 1968 he took over as Acting Secretary, subsequently being formally elected at the 1970 Congress in Madrid. Although he retired from this post in 1978 had handed over to his successor, the late Mr William Naish, Bill Naish's illness a few months later led to Dr Coles begin persuaded to take back the duties of Secretary for a further term. Due to the cancellation of the 1982 Congress Rupert Coles continued in this capacity until 1984, completing a remarkable 16 year term. To date, in one capacity or another, Dr Coles has served as a member of the Executive Committee for over 36 years.
In spite of all these achievements and tireless work for the WPSA, no account of Rupert Coles would be complete without reference to his considerable ability as a linguist and his fine artistic skills in watercolour, sculpting and the making of reproduction firearms - virtually indistinguishable from their 16th and 17th century equivalents.
One cannot better a paragraph drawn from the Citation for the Macdougall Medal in 1978 - "Rupert is easily recognised by his bow tie and red carnation. His Churchill ian Bulldog expression and his biting wit cannot hide a warm hart. The hospitality of Rupert and his wife, Peggy, will long be remembered by those who have enjoyed it". Last year, in their home in Malta, Rupert and Peggy celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary.
Nominated by the United Kingdom
Robert Fraser Gordon
Robert Gordon was born in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1909 and died on 5th February, 1981. He graduated in Zoology and Geology at the University of Aberdeen in 1930, moving to London to qualify as a veterinary surgeon from the Royal Veterinary College in 1933. From 1934 to 1948 he was head of the Poultry Diagnostic Department of the Central Veterinary laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries at Weybridge. Here he was much involved in research into avian salmonellosis pullorum in particular. This led in 1947 to the award of DSc by the University of Aberdeen.
When the Animal Health Trust decided to establish Houghton Poultry Research Station in 1948, it was Dr Gordon who was appointed its Director and given the challenging task of setting up what became, during the ensuing 25 years, his triumph and his memorial. His enormous ability and true crusading spirit overcame many obstacles and attracted a team of keen young scientists. The initially very unpromising temporary facilities were gradually transformed into a centre that was to become one of the world's largest and best known institutes concerned with avian pathology. It was at Houghton that much basic work on avian coccidiosis was carried out, so laying the foundations for improved husbandry measures and the wide range of therapeutic and prophylactic agents subsequently developed. In 1959, one of Bob Gordon's major achievements was in persuading Dr Peter Biggs to leave Bristol University and join the Houghton team to work on the illusive causal agent of the disease commonly known as Fowl Paralysis. Intensive research under Peter Bigg's direction led to the identification of the virus and the development of a vaccine for what was renamed Marek's Disease. This in turn resulted in world wide savings to poultry producers amounting to many million of dollars.
Throughout his career Dr Gordon gave unstintingly to the poultry industry and the veterinary profession both nationally and internationally. At various times he served as a member, secretary, chairman or president of unnumerable committees and associations and was, in addition, a member of many official scientific missions to various parts of the world. After retirement he continued to play an active part in furthering poultry and veterinary science, working on a new edition of his popular and successful book on poultry diseases and as Chairman of the Council of the Animal Health Trust and honorary scientific adviser to that body. Amongst the recognition he received were many awards of various kinds. These included the Tom Newman International Research Award, the medal of the Poultry Association of Great Britain, the British Oil and Cake Mills Poultry Award, the Dalrymple Champneys Cup and Medal, the Victory Medal of the Central Veterinary Society, an Honorary Doctorate of Veterinary Science from the University of Liverpool, honorary fellowship of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons and appointment as Commander of the British Empire.
While Bob Gordon maintained a close and active interest in the WPSA through his career, serving as a Vice President from 1954 to 1966, it is chiefly as editor of the World's Poultry Science Journal from 1973 to 1980 that Association members will have most cause to remember him. During these eight years his endeavours helped the Journal to gain in scientific standing and to increase its circulation - subscribers as well as members. It was also during this period that plans were laid for the change in design that proved so successful when introduced in 1981.
By means of invited subscriptions, a posthumous tribute to Dr Robert Fraser Gordon was the establishment of a Memorial Trust in 1982. The Trustees are required to select each year a person who has made distinguished contribution to a branch of poultry science. That person may be of any nationality. The recipient of the award is required to deliver a lecture and receives a medal to commemorate the occasion.
Nominated by the United Kingdom
Robb Shelton Gowe
Dr Robb Gowe was born in St. Boniface, Manitoba, Canada. He graduated from the Ontario Agricultural College, now the University of Guelph, and Cornell University, where he earned a PhD degree in animal genetics in 1949. A brilliant student, he won many awards throughout his academic career.
Dr Gowe joined the Experimental Farm Services of Canada Department of Agriculture, now called Agriculture Canada, in 1949 as head of the Poultry Genetics section. When the Poultry and Animal Husbandry divisions and the Animal Biochemistry Sections were amalgamated into the Animal Research Institute in 1959, Dr Gowe was appointed chief of the Animal Genetics section. In 1965 he was made director of the Institute, now called the Animal Research Centre, a post which he continued to hold until his retirement in 1986. In 1958-59 Dr Gowe spent one year as a visiting scientist at the Institute of Animal Genetics in Edinburgh, Scotland.
In 1949, Dr Gowe initiated his controlled selection experiments in egg producing poultry. This research involved several large populations which were selected for multiple objectives and, of great scientific significance, several unselected, random-bred control strains. This was the first selection study in poultry to utilize genetically-stable control populations to measure changes in the environment and, thereby, allow genetic changes in selected lines to be precisely assessed. These poultry populations, and a number of new derivatives from them, are still maintained at the Centre. Both the selected and control lines have been widely used by scientists at the Centre, and a variety of other Canadian and international institutions, in experiments where their specific characteristics were of great value. Genetic material from these populations has also been provided to Canadian primary breeders. The long-term selection study has been acknowledged as one of the best designed experiments in the field of egg laying research. During his visit to the Institute of Animal Genetics, Dr Gowe, as senior author, completed two major papers on control strains which he wrote in collaboration with Dr Alan Robertson and others. These papers are still widely quoted 27 years later.
The selected populations, some of them under continuous selection for over 30 years, have conclusively demonstrated the feasibility of simultaneously selecting for improvement of several economically-important, polygenic characters, a scientific result without parallel in animal breeding research. The poultry populations have also made it possible to study a variety of other aspects such as genotype x environment interactions, poultry management, reproduction and disease resistance.
Through his research, Dr Gowe has also introduced to the poultry industry valuable techniques for the efficient use of artificial insemination in large scale commercial breeding operations, a method of quick and easy identification of fertility in unincubated eggs, and procedures for prolonged storage of hatching eggs for large pedigree populations.
As chief of the Animal Genetics Section and later Director of the Animal Research Centre, Dr Gowe played the leading role in developing the resources and programme of the Centre. It is now a unique institution and its poultry research facilities are considered among the larges and most comprehensive in the Western world. In many instances, when poultry and animal research facilities have been amalgamated, resources devoted to poultry were disproportionately reduced. Dr Gowe was able to maintain a strong poultry component within the larger animal research organization, e.g.., 17 of 50 animal buildings are for poultry.
Dr Gowe has authored or co-authored more than 70 scientific papers and several technical articles in the areas of poultry breeding, selection, genotype x environment interactions and a variety of other subjects. Several of these papers are major contributions to the scientific literature and his studies on breeding techniques are among the most definitive in the world.
Throughout his career, Dr Gowe has been a valued consultant to the Canadian and international poultry industries. He is a great teacher, capable of talking to a layman and explaining very complex theory in terms which can be readily understood. This is an unusual characteristic in a person not always known for patience when dealing with his peers. He has spent a lifetime adapting advances in science and technology for immediate application by the poultry industries.
In the past 13 years, he has been invited to present 11 papers at international conferences and symposia, several of which were organized by the US or British poultry breeding industries. In 1980, he presented a major invitational paper to the World's Congress on Sheep and Beef Cattle Breeding in New Zealand on lessons to be learned from poultry breeding.
Despite his heavy scientific and managerial work load, Dr Gowe found time for important community activities. For 15 years he was a member of the Executive Board of Directors for the Queensway-Carleton Hospital in Ottawa. He also served for 10 years on the Ottawa Regional Hospital Planning Council, including a term as Chairman.
Dr Gowe's scientific excellence has been recognized by the Tom Newman Memorial Award for poultry husbandry research in 1960, the Sir John Hammond Memorial Trust Lectureship in England in 1974, and the Public Service of Canada Merit Award in 1980, the highest award of the Canadian Public Service. This last award recognized both his scientific and management contributions to the programme of the Research Branch of Agriculture Canada. In 1984, he was made a fellow of the Poultry Science Association and received the Certificate of Merit from the Canadian Society of Animal Science.
Nominated by Canada
Heinrich Havermann
Heinrich Havermann, born on the 29th of January, 1909 in Benrath near Düsseldorf, dedicated a substantial part of his life's work to poultry and poultry science. Following his studies in agricultural and zoology at the universities of Kiel and Bonn, in 1935 he began his scientific career as Assistant in the Institute for Animal Breeding and Animal Feeding of the University of Bonn. He completed his doctoral studies in 1939. With his dissertation "The Rhineland Poultry Pedigree Breeding and its importance for Poultry Breeding in the Region" he made a valuable contribution to the intensively pursued breeding performance in poultry with the help of the Pedigree Breeding Book.
His scientific activity was interrupted during the war. He was able to take it up again in 1945 and completed his Habilitation in 1946 at the University of Bonn in the discipline of Animal Breeding and Animal Feeding. His appointment as a supplementary Professor followed in 1947 and he was made Extraordinary Professor in 1950. At the same time he was assigned the Chair in Small Animal Breeding and Management. In 1954 he was appointed Full Professor and Director of the Institute for Animal Breeding and Animal Feeding. He continued in this position until his untimely death on November 22, 1971.
For 35 years Heinrich Havermann exerted an extraordinarily broad influence in the field of animal breeding research. It is especially important to recognize that, in spite of the multiple demands made on him, he continued to promote the field of poultry management and research. Many works in the broad area of rearing, management and feeding of poultry were produced by Dr Havermann and his students. One of the accomplishments in his Institute was the establishment of methods for conducting modern laying and feed utilization tests in Germany. At an early date he installed modern equipment for data processing and the evaluation of research in his Institute, and he initiated and promoted numerous research reports, diploma theses and doctoral dissertations, particularly relating to poultry feeding and management.
The reestablishment of German poultry science and its international recognition were due in large measure to the efforts of Heinrich Havermann. As a result of his various contacts with large numbers of poultry researchers in Europe and overseas countries it was possible to establish in 1951 the German Branch of WPSA and to gain close contact with other Branches and poultry specialists. For 20 years, from 1952 to his death he served as President of the German Branch of the WPSA.
In addition he was co-founder of the internationally recognized journal "Archiv fur Geflügelkunde" and served as co-editor from 1952 until 1971.
He lent his broad experience to numerous committees of the German and international poultry industry where not only his technical expertise but also his skill as a negotiator were sought after and appreciated. It gave him great pride to see many of his students holding important positions in the poultry industry and poultry science.
Nominated by Federal Republic of Germany
Frederick Bruce Hutt
Dr Frederick Bruce Hutt was born in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, on August 20, 1897.
His undergraduate studies were at the Ontario Agricultural College (now the University of guelph), and he received master's degrees from the University of Wisconsin (genetics) and the University of Manitoba (zoology). The University of Edinburgh awarded him a PhD (genetics) in 1929, and in 1939 conferred upon him a DSc (genetics).
He served as Lecturer, Assistant Professor, and Associate Professor at the University of Manitoba, and then for three years was Professor at the University of Minnesota.
In 1934 he moved to Cornell University where he was Professor and Head of the Poultry Department. Following a five year interim as Professor and Head of the Zoology Department at Cornell, he returned to the Poultry Department as Professor. In 1965 he retired with the rank of Emeritus Professor of Animal Genetics at Cornell.
He is the author of more then 250 scientific papers in various journals, and he has published four textbooks. Among the latter are Genetics of the Fowl (1949) and Animal Genetics (1964), both widely used as textbooks in universities throughout the world. Genetics of the Fowl has been translated into both Spanish and Polish; it is still the 'bible', sought and treasured by poultry breeders and geneticists everywhere.
He has served on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Heredity, and has been a visiting lecturer at numerous universities in the USA and in Ireland. Among his many awards have been the Borden Award, and Tom Newman Memorial International Award for Poultry Research, and an honorary Doctor of Science from his alma mater, the University of Guelph. He is a member of the American Poultry Hall of Fame, and is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
Dr Hutt has never lost the ability to combine teaching with a strong research programme. He has been a strong leader in the application of genetics for resistance to disease, concentrating on the "avian leucosis complex", pullorum disease, and nutritional diseases. He demonstrated that such successful use of genetics selection for resistance to disease could be combined with selection for other economic traits, important to the industry world-wide and effective even when combined with other modern disease control measures.
His initial report on sex-linked dwarfism, followed by a detailed report in 1959 citing the effects of the gene on many other important innovations in poultry breeding, including measuring egg production to a given age (500 days), the "double shift" procedure for testing young males as sires, and the application of the concept of selecting breeders on the performance of their progeny (the progeny test).
Throughout a distinguished research career, Dr Hutt never lost his interest in teaching students. At the undergraduate level he pioneered a new course in Animal Genetics which he taught to generations of veterinary students prior to his retirement. For many years he taught a course in Poultry Genetics, primarily to graduates. Believing in the importance of close and direct professor/graduate student relationships he steadfastly limited the numbers. Nevertheless more than a score of his students have gone on to distinguish themselves at various institutions throughout the country.
Dr Hutt continues to reside near the Cornell campus in central New York State.
Nominated by United States of America
A. William Jasper
A native of Pennsylvania, Dr Jasper received degrees in Poultry Science and Agricultural Marketing from the University of Vermont, Ohio State University, and Cornell University. His professional experience includes employment as a Marketing Specialist with the US Department of Agriculture, Managing editor of Poultry Tribune, and Associate Professor of Farm Management and Marketing at Cornell University, where he was heavily involved in poultry extension activities.
For 23 years Bill Jasper worked for the American Farm Bureau Federation and its affiliated American Agricultural Marketing Association where he was initially involved with contract broiler growers and integrated broiler companies. He spent most of his time as Director of AFBF's Poultry Department and Manager of AAMA's poultry Division, being involved with local, regional, national and international activities. He also served a stint with AFBF as Secretary for Market Development and Research. He was Director of the Bureau's Marketing Division when he resigned to enter a purely commercial endeavour.
Bill spent 2 1/2 years as International Vice President and Director of Technical Services for Agrimerica, traveling and working with feed manufacturers and other commercial firms in over 30 countries. He came to California in January, 1985, as General Manager of Consolidated Producers Association. On July 1st of that year, he became President and General Manager of West Coast United Egg Producers.
Dr Jasper is an active member of several professional organizations. He has served on a number of domestic and international agricultural committees and as a Consultant for the Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations in Rome and India. He is a Past President of the American Poultry Historical Society, and a former Member of Council representing the United States on the International Egg Commission.
Bill Jasper is a Life Fellow of the International Biographical Association of Cambridge, England, and he has been decorated twice by the French Government for his agricultural work.
He served two separate two-year terms as President of the American Poultry Historical Society and contributed a chapter on "Marketing" in the book American Poultry History, 1823-1973. He has published over 200 popular trade journal articles and ha been contributing editor for one French, two American and two British agricultural publications. He also wrote a history of WPSA which appeared in Vol. 34(1) 1978 of the World's Poultry Science Journal.
Of especial note have been Bill Jasper's many and considerable contributions to the advancement of the WPSA. He was a founder member of the USA Branch of WPSA in 1965 and served as its first Vice President. Shortly after the formation of the Branch he was pressed into duty as President upon the untimely death of the first Branch President, Dr C.D. Carpenter.
Dr jasper served as Vice President of WPSA from 1971 to 1974 and as President from 1974 to 1978. He was a member of Council from the USA from 1963 to 1971 and served on the WPSA Constitution Committee, which provided a revision of the 60 year old document and saw its adoption in 1972. In fact, he supplied the draft version which the Committee used to begin its deliberations.
During his term as President of WPSA he made it a point, while traveling worldwide, to visit as many Branches and members of WPSA as possible. This required extra effort, careful scheduling and the sacrificing of time he could easily have used for rest, relaxation, or the pursuit of purely personal interests. No President before, nor since, has made as many WPSA contacts and visits on such a wide scale as Dr Jasper.
Before and after his term as President, Dr Jasper also visited many Branches and members of WPSA in connection with business travel and with one of his non-professional pursuits. He made many trips abroad to many countries as a tour conductor in his own time. Whenever possible, on such tours, he would get in touch with WPSA members to learn of their activities and shore items of mutual interest and concern. He was literally an Ambassador of "Good Will" for WPSA and, during a two month stay in India as an FAO lecturer, he was instrumental in assisting the Indian Members of WPSA to organize a Branch, which was duly formed and recognized in 1973.
He was a member of the Official US delegation to the 13th, 14th, 16th and 17th World Poultry Congresses and a key member of the Organizing Committee of the 15th Congress in the USA. He continues to maintain an active involvement in WPSA affairs, serving on the Executive Committee in his capacity of Honorary Past President.
Dr Jasper and wife, Dee, reside in Alta Loma, California.
Nominated by United States of America
Laura Kaufman
Professor Laura Kaufman (1889-1972) was an outstanding biologist-geneticist and specialist in poultry breeding. She was a member of the Polish Academy of Science, Professor and Doctor Honoris Causa of Agricultural College of Lublin, Honorary President of the Polish Society of Animal Husbandry, co-organizer and first President of the Lublin Scientific Society, and Honorary Life Member of the World's Poultry Science Association.
Laura Kaufman graduated in Zoology from the Jagiellonian University is Cracow in 1911. Her career started in 1919 when she joined the Department of Embryology and Biology of the Medical Faculty at the university where, under the influence of the prominent embryologist, Prof E. Godlwski, Junior, she developed her scientific interests and personality. During these 7 years she became an expert, in the methodology of experimental embryology and published her first works in this field, among them her PhD thesis on the degeneration of salamander embryos in the uterus.
In 1919 she accepted a proposition of Prof L. Marchlewski, director of the National Scientific Institute of Rural farming in Pulawy, to work as an assistant in the Department of Experimental Morphology. There, the work of Laura Kaufman approached closer the requirements of animal Husbandry. In different species and breeds of birds she investigated the specificity of organism development. In a set of 40 papers she reported the results of studies mostly on chicken and pigeon embryos, and the internal factors influencing the growth of whole organisms as well as of particular organs. These studies resulted finally (1930) in the foundation for her Doctor of Science treatise. In this for the first time, the growth and development of animals differing in body size were compared and analysed phenogenetically under the same conditions.
The years 1925-26 were spent in the Department of Comparative Embryology, College de France in Paris where, under Prof E. Faure-Fremiet, she studied modern achievements in the field of animal growth and morphogenesis and published several papers mostly on the reasons for egg production decline with age.
In 1932 Laura Kaufman became the head of Department of Experimental Biology whose new name - Department of Breeding Biology - indicated a closer linkage between practice and the research carried out. Her investigations of the influence of temperature changes on the growth and development of chicken embryos were particularly useful for the poultry industry during the first phase in the development of artificial incubation. The studies established critical points in the embryo's resistance to lowered temperature during different stages of incubation. Laura Kaufman found that the temperature below a developmental minimum, but above the critical point, are not detrimental to hatching even when lasting for 24 hours. This finding was of great value in a case of interruptions to hatchery power supply, which happened often in the years just after the end of World War II.
At the period of her full creativeness, Laura Kaufman also started genetic research, initially to explain some biological phenomena, but finally carried-out to meet particular demands of poultry practice. She was particularly interested in the only surviving native breed of fowl, the Polish Greenlegged Partridge, and her breeding work led to a considerable improvement of this breed's productivity. In close cooperation with breeding farms and poultry breeding institutions Laura Kaufman started researches into the best commercial breed crosses. The experience gained in genetic improvement of poultry enabled her to publish, in 1934, the first modern Polish textbook of poultry breeding. This had further editions until 1964.
World War II interrupted scientific activity, but in 1945 Professor Kaufman resumed work by activating the Institut in Pulawy. Simultaneously she was offered a post of Professor of Genetics and Poultry Husbandry at the Faculty of Agriculture of Maria Curie-Sktodowska University in Lublin.
In the post-war years, the years of the third period of her universal activity, Professor Kaufman further developed the studies on heterosis, introduced a new autosexing breed of hen - Polbar - and worked on the reasons for change in hatching egg quality during storage. She also prepared two manuals for students on general animal husbandry and on the biological basis of animal breeding and was the author of a chapter on principles of selection and breeding in collective book on poultry science.
Professor L. Kaufman was given numerous proofs of highest recognition on the part of both state authorities and scientific societies. She contributed considerably to the development of science and particularly poultry science.
Nominated by Poland
John E. Kimber
John E. Kimber was born in New York City on March 14, 1895, the son of an Episcopalian minister and a professional musician mother. At about the age of 14, following the death of his father, he moved to California. As a teenager he undertook a poultry project and is said to have visualized then a production plant of a million hens, an unheard of goal for that time.
He graduated from Stanford University with a major in agriculture and a minor in music. Later he took graduate studies at Oregon State University under Professor James Dryden.
For several years in California, Mr Kimber taught in schools, first in Cambria and Atascadero. Later 91929-1933) he taught instrumental music (both band and orchestra) at Washington Union High School in Fremont. Starting with 800 hens and 17 acres of land, he founded the Kimber Poultry Breeding Farm in August, 1925, at Niles, California. His visionary approach to poultry breeding has had a lasting impact on the industry.
He recognized early the need to provide a broad financial base for the breeding programme and to this end he set up a hatchery operation which marketed chicks directly to poultrymen instead of trying to sell expensive pedigreed stock, as was the custom among most breeders at that time.
He was the first among commercial breeders to recognize the desirability of applying modern genetic principles to poultry breeding, and he assembled a staff of geneticists to serve as a research team. In this context Kimber Farms pioneered the use of electronic data processing procedures fro breeding records. Mr Kimber also realized the need for veterinary participation in this effort, and included in the research team a group of professional veterinarians. Several other outstanding poultry breeders worked at Kimber Farms to receive training.
Kimber Farms had developed a wide reputation for quality Leghorns as early as the 1930s, but sales were restricted to California until the mid 1950s when a nationwide system of associate hatcheries was established. Later the company expanded into broiler lines and turkeys, and operated on a world-wide basis.
A unique attribute of his leadership was the encouragement of the professional staff to publish results of its research in scientific journals. Kimber Farms funded the Kimber Genetics Award, administered by the National Academy of Science, for distinguished contributions to the science of genetics.
Mr Kimber was a charter member of the Niles Rotary Club, a past president of the California Poultry and Hatchery Federation, and a member of the Board of Trustees of the San Francisco Symphony Association. He had a life-long interest in music, and he personally sponsored a prestigious music scholarship for California music students. Among the many contestants and winners, several are now well-known professional artists.
He and his wife, the former Mary Alice Barnes, had two sons, John E. Kimber, Jr and Arthur Kimber.
John E. Kimber, whose innovations and foresight changed the direction of commercial poultry breeding, died in Fremont, California, on May 16, 1970.
Nominated by United States of America
Ian Macdougall
Major Ian Macdougall was born in Scotland in 1882 and died in London in 1968. He was educated at George Watson's Academy in Edinburgh, and after leaving school became a bank clerk, first in Scotland and then in South Africa. Here he later became a gold miner, then a soldier. He was a soldier in the South African and British Armies for 14 years, and was decorated with the Order of Officer of the British Empire. He was badly wounded in the 1914-18 war. His wounds were increasingly troublesome and he was seldom free from pain but he "soldiered on" and devoted a further period of 48 years, mainly in the service of poultry organisation in general and the World's Poultry Science Association in particular.
On discharge from the army in 1920, Major Macdougall began poultry farming (as did many ex-servicemen) in the south of England. His administrative talents soon drew him to work as secretary to various poultry societies. On medical advice in 1930 he gave up the strenuous life of a poultry farmer, but his administrative qualities led to his immediate appointment as Assistant to Sir Edward Brown at the British National Poultry Council, whom he succeeded as Secretary in 1932.
During the 1939-45 war major Macdougall became Deputy Organiser to the Domestic Poultry Keepers Council (a body formed to promote small poultry flocks among urban dwellers to provide much needed food. He became Poultry Secretary to the National Farmers Union of England and Wales, which had absorbed the National Poultry Council and remained a poultry consultant to the NFU until his death. In 1948 he was created a Liveryman of the City of London.
Major Macdougall's interest in the WPSA began in 1936 when he worked as Secretary to the UK Congress Committee. He became Secretary of the UK Branch on its formation in 1950 and became Secretary and Assistant Treasurer of the WPSA in 1951. His care in helping to look after WPSA funds - no doubt aided by his early banking experience - helped to establish the Association's firm financial position. During his 17 years tenure, covering five World Congresses and two European Conferences, the Association advanced greatly in stature and international importance. In 1960 Ian Macdougall became the first Secretary of the European Federation of WPSA Branches from its inception at the Utrecht Conference - a post he held until his death.
Ian Macdougall's diligent work and tremendous enthusiasm for the Association led to him receiving the Macdougall Award in 1962 - a handsome gold medal struck, to honour those who had given exceptional services to the WPSA. Justly, Major Macdougall was the first recipient and he well merited the award and the fact that the honour was named after him.
Major Macdougall devoted most of his life to poultry and more than 30 years entirely to the WPSA. He died at his post in 1968.
Nominated by the United Kingdom
Kiyoshi Masui
Professor Kiyoshi Masui was born in Shizuoka, Japan, in 1887 and died in 1981. He completed the Veterinary Science course at Tokyo University, graduating in 1915 and went on to obtain his PhD in Veterinary Science in 1921.
Following appointment as an assistant Professor in the University of Tokyo in 1922, most of his pioneering work on the domestic fowl was conducted there. He retired as a full Professor in 1948, being made Professor Emeritus a few months later.
In 1951, Dr Masui was appointed a Professor of Nagoya University and Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture, posts which he held until his retirement form Nagoya in 1958. He then, at 73, became Director of the Masui Poultry Institute which was established to undertake research into animal genetics, especially in the case of the domestic fowl, the genetics of sex determination and differentiation.
Dr Masui's contribution to the world poultry industry is the development of the sexing technique of day-old chicks based on his fundamental studies of sexual differentiation in the fowl. In his anatomical studies on the genital organs of the domestic fowl, he found a small rudimental copulatory organ in the cloaca of male chicks, and in 1925 he reported the possibility of sex determination of day-old chicks by checking the presence or absence of this organ by the naked eye.
He conducted the basic studies on sex differentiation of chicks and finally established a perfect sex determination method for newly hatched chicks. His method was presented at the 3rd and 6th World Poultry Congress in 1927 and 1936 respectively. Chick sexing was demonstrated at the 5th World Poultry Congress in 1933. His works on sex determination and sexual differentiation in the fowl were published by the University of Tokyo Press in 1967.
Dr Masui made a great effort to propagate the sexing technique all over the world. He founded the Japanese Chick Sexer's Association - an organization that trained many professional chick sexers and sent only those who were qualified to North and South America, Europe and Australia. The method, now adopted by virtually all the hatcheries in the world, is due to these Japanese sexing experts who had learned Dr Masui's method. In turn this has contributed to a reduction in feed and labour requirements and costs in the modern poultry industry.
Nominated by Japan
Philippe Mérat
Philippe Mérat was born in France on the 29th February in 1927. After graduating, Ingénieur Agronome, from Institut National Agronomique in 1951, his whole career has been in Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). At first in the Poultry Research Station, then in the Mendelian Genetics Laboratory, of which he was made head in 1970. As a geneticist, his work has dealt with the effects of Mendelian factors on economic traits. His thesis was centred on this topic and the became a Docteur ès Sciences in 1966. He was among the first to show that, in poultry, selection for economic targets can use simple genetic factors with outward effects as biological markers. Such studies require very detailed monitoring and analysis of performance, including the economics of production and responses to environment. The work is long and tedious and has discouraged many a scientist.
Thus, when a mutation for dwarfism (dw) was obtained, he contributed with Cochez to its use in female broiler-lines. Such lines are sold the world over by the French Company Institute de Sélection Animale (ISA). Similar research work was undertaken for tinted egg-laying lines. Dr Mérat selected divergent lines for feed efficiency associated with a major gene. He also studied heat-tolerance and meat percentage increase associated with the naked-neck gene (Na).
The study of such characters has a great interest for both developed and developing countries. The results has been the development of close cooperation between Philippe Mérat's laboratory and the Belgian University of Louvian on the one hand and the Egyptian Universities of Cairo and Alexandria on the other. The collaboration has involved the study of the endocrine and metabolic consequences of the d2 gene in various genotypes. In Egypt, Philippe Mérat studies the positive traits in the Fayoumi breed, which is heat-tolerant and resists coccidiosis, and the optimum crossing-programme for improving its production traits. Many PhD students have worked with Dr Mérat in his laboratory.
A member of the French Branch of WPSA, Philippe Mérat was its Secretary from 1969 to 1972. He is a member of the Genetics and Breeding Working Group (Working Group 3) of the European Federation. He has written many scientific papers, took part in World's Congress of Kiev (1966), Madrid (1970), Helsinki (1984), and in European Conferences in Hamburg (1980) and Paris (1986). He is an Associate Editor of World's Poultry Science Journal, contributing to it through his articles and providing the Journal's French summaries.
Nominated by France
Trevor Raymond Morris
Trevor Morris was born on the 11th April 1930 and educated at the Rendcomb College, Cirencester Glos (England). He graduated from the University of Reading in 1951 and was awarded the Doctorate of Philosophy by Reading University in 1966. He was made a doctor of Science at the same university in 1981.
Dr Morris has been responsible for teaching and research in Poultry Science and Poultry Production at his university since 1954. During the years of 1981-1984 Dr Morris was professor of Agriculture and since 1984 Professor in Animal Production and head of the Department of Agriculture and Horticulture at the University of Reading.
Beside his work in teaching and research Dr Morris has also been involved in a number of extramural offices. He has supported the WPSA organisation being elected Council Member (1962-74) and President of the UK Branch (1974-78). He was elected Vice President of WPSA in Helsinki in 1985. He has been Council Member (1963-81) and Editorial Board Member (1971-75) of British Poultry Science Ltd. From 1968-75 he was Technical Secretary to the Agricultural Research Council's Working Party on Nutrient Requirement of Poultry, and from 1979-85 Chairman of Director's Advisory Committee, ARC Poultry Research Centre, Edinburgh.
Dr Morris has been an outstanding scientist for more than 25 years, covering a wide field in poultry science. He has alone and together with co-workers published more than a hundred scientific papers with high practical application on physical environmental factors and nutrition and on interactions between them.
Great importance to practical egg production is attached to Dr Morris's work on photoperiodic responses in the fowl. Trevor Morris started this important work in conjunction with Syd Fox and developed modern light programmes between 1960 and 1970.
These programmes, involving artificial lighting and light proof poultry houses, have enabled poultry keepers to raise chicks and maintain high egg production without interference from seasonal day length changes. This practical application of light programmes is of vital importance for achieving uniform egg production, especially in countries with extreme variation in the natural light-dark cycle during the year.
In connection with Morris's and Fox's fundamental light programme research it should also be mentioned that as early as the id 1960s they had begun to use advanced automatic data recording to monitor time of oviposition in laying fowl. This made it possible to pick up information that would have been unobtainable in the ordinary way with manual recording. At the same time the data were more precise and subject to fewer errors.
Many papers from Dr Morris and co-workers are studies on the interaction of energy and protein content in diets and environmental temperatures.
They have shown that factors affecting feed intake, like energy level of diets and environmental temperature, must be related to the concentration of nutrients in the diet used.
The main field of Dr Morris on the nutritional side, however, is his participation in development of response curves and mathematical models for requirements of protein and amino acids. An important approach to the problem is the Reading model of 1973. From such models the nutritionists can estimate the rate at which poultry in a well defined nutritional and environmental context will respond to increasing inputs of amino acids. With information on marginal cost and marginal revenue it is possible to calculate the optimum input. Such approaches to nutritional requirements will certainly be of more common use in the future.
Dr Morris has a particularly clear presentational style, both in his scientific papers and as a lecturer. He also has an open minded personality with a good sense of humour and an easy way to communicate verbally with his co-workers and visitors. All this has made Dr Morris a respected and popular person to all those who have benefited from his great knowledge in almost all fields of poultry science.
Nominated by Norway
Charles George Payne
Dr Payne was born in the UK in 1935 and died in Australia in 1977. He graduated with First Class Honours in Agriculture from the University of Nottingham, UK in 1957 and obtained his PhD at the Royal Veterinary College London in 1960. Dr Payne was appointed Lecturer in Animal Production at the University of Nottingham, School of Agriculture where he worked until, in 1967, at the age of 32 he joined the University of Sydney as Research Director of the poultry Husbandry Research Foundation. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 1973. In 1975 he was given the Australian Poultry Award.
Charles Payne's main contributions to poultry science form his early research studies at the University of Nottingham, England, centred on the relevance of environmental factors to poultry performance. In particular, his observations on egg production introduced 'environmental-nutrition interactions' as important criteria in enabling hens to be kept more profitably over a greater range of climatic conditions than previously accepted. He drew attention to the fact that inferior production associated with increasing temperatures was often due to inadequacies in dietary composition due to a failure to appreciate the importance of variations in voluntary food intake at different temperatures.
On moving to Australia as Research Director of the Poultry Husbandry Research Foundation, University of Sydney, Charles Pa7ne assumed an important role in devising and implementing research strategies fro the major poultry nutrition research centre in that country. His major interests centred on the role of micronutrients in poultry nutrition, the importance of alternative protein sources in poultry diets and in defining the amino acid requirements of Australian stock. He was instrumental in setting up the first organised amino acid analytical serve for industry which for many years proved the major source of information on the amino acid composition of Australian feedstuffs.
Charles Pyne's most outstanding achievement was the discovery of the causal role of biotin in the 'fatty liver and kidney syndrome'. This vital connection was identified in 1973 and proved to be of great economic significance to the international broiler industry. Subsequent research towards the end of his career identified the existence of trace nutrient deficiencies which he termed 'new nutritional disease'. These concerned, in particular, molybdenum, pyridoxine and folic acid.
During his time in Australia, from 1967 until his death in 1977, Charles Pa7ne trained many outstanding students who became leaders in the Australian poultry industry. His participation in the training of numerous overseas students, especially those from South-East Asia, helped the poultry industries of many developing countries.
During his career Charles Payne published prolifically in both the scientific and popular press. He was a prominent speaker and participant at Poultry Conventions, both in Australia and overseas. He was principally an enthusiastic innovator of new ideas. He had an enormous flair for solving practical problems within the industry but his approachability, concern and enthusiasm for the industry, and his breadth of knowledge and expertise in poultry affairs, is how he will be remembered by all who knew him.
Nominated by Australia
D.I. Sue Richardson
Mrs Richardson started her career as a poultry economist at Manchester University in 1948. As a result of her work, the University became the academic centre for research into the economics of egg and poultry meat production and marketing in the UK. Later, she developed her work into studies on an international basis. Her work is well known throughout the world. Altogether, she has published 156 papers in learned journals.
In 1957, she received the singular honour of being appointed as the Sir John Eastwood Senior Fellow of Manchester University. Sir John Eastwood had presented the University with a substantial grant which financed her research project to investigate the contribution which eggs and poultry meat could make, as a source of protein, towards solving the world food problem. One of her outstanding papers on this subject was presented at the Rio de Janeiro WPSA Congress in 1978; another was her study of the UK Broiler Industry 1960-75. Mrs Richardson was appointed as an Hon. Fellow of Manchester University in 1982.
She is probably best known in the international field for her research into economic aspects of the international poultry industry and particularly the encouragement she has given to the development of research into the economics of the poultry industry within the WPSA, which in earlier years had been rather a neglected field. Her aim has been not only to develop research but also to draw the attention of governments and international organisations to the importance of the poultry sector within the agricultural industry. She has worked closely with international organisations such as FAO, IFAP and the EEC Commission.
So far as WPSA is concerned, she has been a strong supporter and active member of WPSA as a Council Member of the UK Branch and the World Council, as well as being invited to present plenary and symposium papers at World Congresses. She was also honoured by WPSA by being invited to establish the Economics and Marketing Working Group (Working Group 1) of the European Federation, which she chaired from 1976-86. She has also encouraged interdisciplinary cooperation between poultry scientists and poultry economists. Previously the economic implications of scientific research had often been ignored.
Her work in the international field is also well known, with the establishment of the International Egg Commission in 1962 in Sydney, when she was invited to present her paper "The Establishment of a World Secretariat for the Compilation of International Egg Statistics" at the First World Egg Marketing conference held in Sydney. She was especially concerned that many problems of the international egg industry were due to lack of knowledge and particularly statistical information. She was appointed as the Statistician to IEC, since when she has established IEC's statistical service, which regularly publishes international statistics reports. The IEC Chick Placement Report (monthly publication) provides the international industry with an early warning system of likely changes in production trends - a very important guide to producers and traders throughout the world. Each year, under her supervision, the International Production and Market Review is also published (six-monthly). This provides situation and outlook information on an international basis covering all the IEC countries. She is the Chairman of the International Egg Commission's Economics and Statistics Committee as well as being a Member of the Executive Committee.
Mrs Richardson has not only researched the egg and broiler industries in many countries, but also the turkey industry. At first her studies covered the UK, for which she was honoured by being given the Tenby Award by the British Turkey Federation. Later as part of the Eastwood Research Project she presented papers covering the international turkey industry to WPSA Conferences and later she published some important studies of the industry with detailed reports covering the industry in France and Italy.
Altogether, Mrs Richardson has made a significant contribution to the development of research in the poultry economics field on an international basis well beyond the call of duty in her normal work. Her aim has been to widen knowledge for the benefit of poultry economists, scientists and especially poultry farmers. Coming from a farming family, she has always been mindful that progress can only be achieved by the interchange of knowledge between scientists and the farming community. Arising from her unstinting work, her greatest achievement has been in spreading knowledge of egg and poultry economics and marketing throughout the world.
Nominated by Sweden
Christiaan Romijn
Christiaan Romijn was born at Domberg, August 7, 1910 and died in De Bilt, January 2, 1988.
He received a Doctoral degree in Animal Physiology from the University of Utrecht in 1931 and the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics and Physics (Biology) from the same institution in 1935.
In 1962 Dr romijn was endowed with the "Van Esveld" medal by the Royal Netherlands Veterinary Association. He received in 1968 the Royal distinction in the Order of the Dutch Lion.
Dr Romijn became a fellow of the provincial Utrecht Society of Arts and Sciences in 1950 and of the Dutch Society of Sciences in 1970.
He was employed as assistant in comparative physiology in 1932. Almost one year later he became assistant in veterinary physiology. Dr Romijn was professor of veterinary physiology from 15th June 1946 until 1st September 1975 and head of that department form 1946 to 1972.
He was chairman (dean) of the Veterinary Medicine College from 1947 to 1948 and 1961 to 1965 and member of the University board from 1972 to 1973. He was also a board member of the Academic Hospital in Utrecht from 1974 to 1978.
Dr Romijn became technical counselor of the Dutch hatchery association before the second world ware and held this position until he retired in 1975. He was also adviser for Denkavit Ltd at Voorthuizen from 1969 to 1980.
Dr Romijn was a member of many scientific professional organizations including the Dutch WPSA branch which he helped to form. He became a council member in 1950 and was chairman from 1958 to 1972 and then an honorary member.
In 1957 it was decided that the WPSA congresses would be organized once in four years. The dutch branch suggested the introduction of regional congresses alternating with the World congresses. The first regional congress was organized in 1960 in Utrecht and presided over by Professor Romijn.
His major contributions to the scientific poultry research were in the areas of energy metabolism, thermoregulation, respiration of the embryo and hatching.
Nominated by The Netherlands
Hans Schlütter
Hans Schlütter, born on the 20th January, 1913 in Haldern am Niederrhein, has served prominently in the advancement of the poultry industry. Following his studies in agriculture at Bonn and specialized studies in animal science he became Director of the Teaching and Research Centre for Poultry and Small Animals at Krefeld-Grosshüttenholf. His promotion to Doctor of Agriculture followed in 1953. The title of his thesis was "Methods of Recognizing and Combating Pullorum Bacteria".
In Krefeld he dedicated him self with all his strength to the reorganization of professional training in poultry science as well as practice-related research studies.
In 1955 the Agricultural Faculty of the University of Bonn appointed him to a teaching position in the Department of Animal Science/Small Animal Science.
In 1956 he became Consultant for Animal Science in the Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry of the Provence of Nordrhein-Westfalen in Düsseldorf. Following his election as Director of the Agricultural Chamber of the Rheinland in 1962 and appointment as State Secretary in the Agricultural Ministry in Düsseldorf in 1965, where he reorganized the provincial administration, he left government service.
He was elected President of the German Poultry Industry organization in 1967 and to the Presidency of the Federal Association of Poultry Processors in 1970. This was the beginning of a period in which he applied, with extraordinary success, his education, experience and contacts form improving the marketing, economics and productivity of the poultry industry. In this field, recognized for its modern production methods and requirement for high levels of management, he successfully established an organizational concentration at both regional and federal levels which made possible rapid responses to the market forces within the country, in the European Community and in the Third World.
The stabilization funds and the Dortmund Poultry Exhibition (Show) which through collaboration with the DLG became the "Huhn und Schwein" Exhibition (Show) in Hannover were his handiwork.
He strove energetically and constantly for standardized animal welfare regulations in the European Community and the member countries.
He was one of the co-founders of the German Branch of the WPSA in 1952 and led the Branch from 1974 to 1987 as President. He was a member of the Council of the WPSA from 1952 to 1987. When he left the office of President of the German Branch of the WPSA he was elected Honorary President of the German Branch. His remarkable contribution was in the continual coordination of science/practice consultation in the industry as well as in the advancement of scientific training and education. He made valuable inputs to the European Federation of the WPSA and brought numerous proposals to the World Congresses.
Nominated by Federal Republic of Germany
Donald McQueen Shaver
Donald McQueen Shaver was born in Cambridge, Ontario, on August 12, 1920. He attended the Galt Primary School and the Galt Collegiate Institute, receiving a diploma from the latter in 1937.
Since the early 1930's he has demonstrated his love for chickens. At the age of 15 he bred a pen of layers that was the best at the Canadian National Egg Laying Test, conducted at the Experimental Farms in Ottawa, Ontario.
His formal business association with the poultry industry began prior to World Ware II as the owner and manager of Grand Valley Breeders Hatchery in Galt. His business career was interrupted for six years of service as a Lt. Colonel in the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps in Europe.
Following the war he started the Shaver Poultry Breeder Farms Ltd., in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. In 1985, after more than 39 years with the company he founded, he stepped down as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
In addition to his own business, he has served as a director or officer of several other companies, including the Gore Mutual Insurance Co., the Gore General Insurance Co., the Massey Combines Corporation, and Deemcque Investments Ltd. He is an Honorary Member, Emeritus, of the Poultry Science Association, as well as a member of numerous other associations and public service organizations.
Although not formally educated at the collegiate level, the academic community acknowledged his personal achievements with its highest recognition when McGill University awarded him the degree Honorary Doctor of Science at Quebec, Canada, in 1983.
The business organization which Donald Shaver established has occupied a prominent place in the poultry industry on a world wide basis. This is in no small part due to his ability to organize and motivate other by setting high personal standards, and expecting others to meet these.
His goal has always been to produce the best product, and to be a leader in making it feasible for people in all parts of the world to benefit from the advances brought forth by his company. e took an active role in setting up many private as well as government enterprises designed for people everywhere to have and exploit the potential performance of stocks developed by his company. He and members of his staff regularly visited and consulted with unites of the more then 90 countries through which his organization worked and, in turn, members of the international staffs came to Canada to see and learn the Shaver methods. A keen advocate and supporter of research, especially at the University of Guelph and Cornell and the Research Branch of the Canadian Department of Agriculture, Donald Shaver has also promoted poultry education at many levels. This has included the provision of scholarships for graduate study and, most recently, the funding of a Research Chair in Biotechnology at MacDonald college of McGill University.
Now technically retired, he continues in many activities, including that of Adjunct Professor, University of Guelph.
Nominated by Canada and the United States of America
Ian Ramsay Sibbald
Dr Sibbald was born and received his early education in England. On graduation from the University of Leeds with a B.Sc. (Agriculture) in 1953, he emigrated to Canada and attended the University of Alberta where he was awarded M.Sc. (Animal Science) and Ph.D. (Animal Nutrition) degrees in 1955 and 1957, respectively.
Dr Sibbald has had a varied and distinguished career. While at the Ontario Agricultural College, his work was recognised with the first (1974) Borden Award of the Nutrition Society of Canada. He had worked on many projects with several species but perhaps was best known for research with poultry where the names 'Sibbald and Slinger' became synonymous with metabolizable energy.
Moving to industry, he devoted much of his time to ruminants. A highlight of this phase of his career was the development of the first successful encapsulated amino acids designed to pass through the rumen for release in, and absorption from, the small intestine. Patents were granted by 45 countries. Later Dr Sibbald managed an industry team engaged in human food research tackling complex problems such as water and protein structures. He helped with the development and evaluation of nutritionally fortified human foods.
In 1972 Dr Sibbald joined the Animal Research Centre of Agriculture Canada as a senior research scientist and in 1976 was named a principal research scientist, the highest research level in the Canadian Public Service which is limited to only 5% of the scientific staff. He developed the bioassay for true metabolizable energy (TME) for which he received the Tom Newman Memorial International Award in 1977. The American Feed Manufacturers Association Award of the Poultry Science Association followed in 1979 while he was on a one year sabbatical in Edinburgh.
In 1982 Dr Sibbald was honoured with a Doctor of Science degree from the University of Leeds; the D.Sc. degree is the highest award of the university in a science-related area and was made following an 857 page submission describing research accomplished in the preceding 25 years.
Dr Sibbald's forté is the development of research methodology. During recent years he has made major improvements to the bioassay for true metabolizable energy and has extended the principles of the assay to amino acids, total lipids, fatty acids and minerals. The assays are used in more than 50 countries. Evidence of the impact of this work may be seen in the advertising of a major multinational feed company which has developed a new line of poultry feeds based on data from the assays. A large poultry producer wrote of annual savings ranging from $750 thousand to $1.5 million following adoption of the TME bioassay.
Dr Sibbald has 144 scientific and 81 miscellaneous publications in his bibliography. Brief mention of some accomplishments described are as follows: development of a simple, rapid procedure which converts whole birds, or parts thereof, to dry, free-flowing homogenous powders suitable for analysis; an adaption of the stained particle technique for measuring the transit of feed residues through the intestinal tract of the chicken; derivation of an equation to product the gross energy content of hen eggs; a modification of the TME bioassay which removes the need for prolonged fasting; with Agriculture Canada's Dr Mark Wolynetz, a detailed examination of the relationships between various estimates of bioavailable energy; a comparative study of methods for drying poultry excreta; a series of papers on the passage of food residues through the alimentary canal which, perhaps for the first time, recognized the contributions of metabolic plus endogenous losses; a comparison of bioavailable energy estimates made with chickens and swine. Dr Sibbald also participated in the preparation of the USA's National Academy of Sciences publication "Nutrition Energetics of Domestic Animals and Glossary of Energy Terms".
Dr Sibbald is best known for his research, but there are other facets of his professional life which should be noted. He is in demand as a speaker at scientific conferences, as a reviewer of manuscripts and as a teacher. He travels extensively in North america and overseas on government projects and at the invitation of conference organizers. For example, he represented Canada at the International Network of Feed Information Centres in Rome in 1980 and again in Sydney in 1983. He has successfully completed projects for the International Development Research Centre, a Canadian organization, in Kenya, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. He is an external examiner of the Universiti Pertanian Malaysia. He has taught TME methodology in many countries, maintains correspondence with students and scientists around the world, and is frequently visited by those seeking training and advice.
The most recent recognition for his many achievements came as a Merit Award in 1987, the highest award of the Canadian Public Service.
Nominated by Canada
Stanley James Slinger
Professor Stanley Slinger has a long association with Guelph and the Poultry Industry. He studied Poultry Science, obtaining the BSA degree in 1937 and the MSA in 1941. He worked in the Department of Poultry Husbandry from 1940 to 1964, first as a Research Assistant, but moved rapidly through the academic ranks becoming a Professor. He became Chairman of the Department of Nutrition in 1964 and served in this capacity for two five-year terms. He retired in 1979, and has been Professor Emeritus since then.
Dr Slinger's career as a nutritionist covered the exciting half century of progress which saw the base of poultry production change from mystique and husbandry, to science and technology. When Dr Slinger began his career the formulation of successful diets depended upon the inclusion of ingredients to provide "growth factors", and there was no appreciation of the importance of dietary energy. By the time he retired all the essential nutrients had been identified, many were available in concentrated form, and 'nutrient dense' diets were the standard for the industry. Stan Slinger was one of the few scientists who ensured that Canada stayed with the leaders of these developments and because of his own research efforts he established himself as a leader amongst poultry scientists in the World.
From 1940 to 1964 Dr Slinger worked with the Department of Poultry Husbandry, later Poultry Science, carrying out research, teaching undergraduate students the science of poultry feeding and guiding graduate students as they developed their research skills. A major aspect of his responsibilities was extension and he played a role in the industrialization of poultry production within the Province of Ontario, and through his work as consultant throughout the World. After being appointed Head (later Chairman) of the Department of Nutrition, he was responsible for initiating a new undergraduate degree programme, and a greatly enlarged graduate programme. Many of the leaders in the animal feed industry in Canada owe much to Dr Slinger for their training.
The research endeavours which have interested Stan Slinger include the definition of the 'growth factors' necessary for successful poultry production. This research was completed with the characterization of vitamin B12 and opened the way for formulation of nutrient dense diets to support the greatly enhanced levels of productivity upon which the poultry industry is prospering. Provision of nutrient diets required a knowledge of the energy value of potential feed ingredients and raised questions about the interactions between ingredients during digestion and the additivity of component energy values. Stan Slinger pioneered the biological assessment of metabolizable energy values of feed ingredients fed in practical diets developing data which are still in use today.
Investigations of wheat milling by-products as poultry feedstuffs showed that their bulk was a problem limiting their value to the birds. Stan Slinger found that pelleting the by-products ld to an improvement in their utilization. This work was extended to show that steam pelleting complete diets improved their value to the birds, and poultry feeds are now routinely pelleted. Rapeseed meal was a potential protein source for livestock, but its low energy value, imbalanced amino acid profile and the presence of toxins limited its value for poultry. Stan Slinger played a central role in the research efforts within Canada in the 1960's to identify these problems and provide guidance to plant breeders and crop processors to enhance the nutritional value of the oilseed meal. The successful culmination of this work was the establishment of a crop of such vastly improved quality that it is produced and marketed as 'Canola'. The canola meal is now recognized as a valuable feed ingredient.
His research has been documented in over 250 articles in refereed scientific publications, and he has been a distinguished lecturer and visiting scientist internationally.
Professor Slinger's accomplishments have been recognized by the many honours and awards which have been conferred upon him by Industry and Academia. In 1956 he received the American Feed Manufacturers Association Award. The Canadian Feed Industry Association presented him with their 'Golden Award' in 1979. He has been made a Fellow of the Agricultural Institute of canada, of the Poultry Science Association and the American Institute of Nutrition. The Canadian Government gave him a Queen Elizabeth Jubilee Medal. The Canadian Society for Nutritional Sciences gave him their prestigious Earle W. McHenry Award in 1983, and MacDonald College of McGill University gave him their Crampton Nutrition Award in 1984.
Throughout his career Stan Slinger has been a vigorous leader, and has been a stimulating teacher, researcher and colleague. The poultry industry has been well served by his presence, and his ideas.
Nominated by Canada